Multinationals and the Developing WorldAshwini K. Ray MULTINATIONAL FIRMS By S. Shiva Rau Sultan Chand and Sons, Delhi, 1976, Rs. 30.00 GLOBAL GIANTS By P.K. Ghosh and V.S. Minocha Sultan Chand and Sons, Delhi, 1977, Rs. 35.00 VOLUME III NUMBER 3 November/December 1978 With the increasing
realization of the role of Multinational corporation as the coupling mechanism
in the structural linkage between the 'centre' of the Imperialist system with
its 'periphery' the literature on the working of Multinationals in the
Developing world continues to grow. By now, in purely quantitative terms, the
literature on the subject is quite formidable. Though the books under review
provide no new insights into this subject are welcome attempts as they deal
with it with specific reference to India.
Shiva Rau's book is a
dilettantish attempt at analysing the goals, motivations and business strategy
of the Multinationals. It contains an equally perfunctory discussion on the
impact of ‘environment’ on the MNCs, and includes some ‘guidelines to Indian
investors abroad’ and a ‘case study of the operation of the Raymond Mills
(belonging to the JK group of India) in Kenya to conclude that ‘export and
establishment of subsidiaries in foreign countries are related’.
The book begins with
a rather promising introductory chapter with extremely simplified (almost
simplistic) analysis of the various phases of development of the national firms
to their eventual transformation to multinational status. Some of the known
expectations of the developing countries from the MNCs are discussed, but in
the absence of analytical rigour and empirical data about the actual operation
of the MNCs, some of the author's conclusions, are not clear. For example, what
exactly the author means when he concludes in the preface that
‘multinationalism is a state of system which none can completely avoid’, remains
unintelligible at least to the reviewer. Similarly some other conclusions
appear a priori. It is difficult to sustain the view that ‘the time and
nature of establishment (of MNC subsidiaries) is determined by the nature and
policies of the recipient countries concerned’. unless one is referring to the
purely format aspect of the decision-making process, except in the formal
sense, in the developing countries that are structurally linked at various
institutional tiers with the 'Heartland' of the capitalist world, is more
limited than the author seems to take for granted. The author's assumption that
the capitalist division of labour is simply a system of ‘complementarity’ as evident from his laudatory
reference to the Latin American Countries for promoting such industrial ‘complementarity’
through bi-lateral and multinational agreements, is again an extremely
simplistic view of a ... Table of Contents >> |