Migrant Labour in Urban SettingJoshomoyee Devi IN-MIGRATION AND INFORMAL SECTOR: A CASE STUDY OF URBAN DELHI By Atreyi Majumdar Vision Books, New Delhi, 1980, pp. 110, Rs. 40.00 VOLUME V NUMBER 2 September/October 1980 This is a well-researched and thought-provoking analysis of the
'informal sector' in urban Delhi: a segment of urban economy—which so far has
attracted only the 'cursory attention of demographers and social scientists'.
The magnitude of this sector in urban Delhi's total employment has
been estimated by various methods, and it has been found that, right from the
fifties, employment in this sector has maintained a share of above 50 per cent
of the total and is probably around 65 per cent (about two-thirds) today. This
is significant as well as penetrating when one thinks of the plight of this
huge mass of workers with a marginal existence in a marginal sector of the
economy marked by low productivity and uncertainty—unorganized, unregulated
and totally unprotected by labour legislation, workers' union, etc. The fact
that 74 per cent of the sample population (77 per cent in the case of migrants)
belong to the age group 15·39 and another 20 per cent (20.5 among migrants) to
the age group 39·59 does not make things any easier.
The speedy growth of population of the metropolis (through
in-migration) has led to a huge addition to the labour force, creating a supply-demand
imbalance in the organized sector of the workforce. The proliferation of
peripheral and marginal activities through a growing informal sector in the
urban environment of Delhi is attributed to the rapid surge in its labour force
and emergence of numerous service-oriented activities to meet the demands of
changing consumption and production structures and value systems in a rapidly
urbanizing economy.
The author, on the basis of a study of the urbanization process in
the developing world and in India, observes that the city-ward movement of the
people from rural and small urban areas in search of better opportunities
(mainly due to rural-urban wage differentiation as postulated by Todaro) is
directly responsible for modern urban growth specially in the case of large
cities. The growing informal sector, due to its easy accessibility; low capital
and skill requirements, can absorb migrants, 'may be with a time lag'.
Migration to urban Delhi, as well as to other cities, is a 'rational decision'
on the part of the migrants, derived on the basis of the well-knit
information network that operates between the places of origin and destination',
and the flexibility of the informal sector, while absorbing the migrant ... Table of Contents >> |