Strength and WeaknessManohar Bandopadhyay PREMCHAND: HIS LIFE AND WORK By V.S. Naravane Vikas Publishing House, New Delhi, 1979, pp. 291, Rs. 75.00 VOLUME V NUMBER 3 November/December 1980 The literature available on
Munshi Premchand, regarded as the father of the modern Hindi novel, is scanty.
Hansraj Rahbar's book on Premchand (1958) is extensive thematically but marred
by chronological inaccuracies. Prakash Chandra Gupta's monograph, published
some twelve years ago, is too sketchy to provide a comprehensive view of the
novelist. Robert O. Swan's research work, Munshi Premchand of Lamhi Village (1969)
reads well for about a quarter of the book but his study of Premchand's novels
leaves much to be desired.
Viewed
in this perspective Naravane's volume is a valuable contribution to critical
assessment of Premchand's life and works, in English. Appearing as it does
during the birth centenary year of Premchand it is a welcome enterprise by the
author. In all senses his book emerges as the first ever comprehensive document
on the subject. Judiciously organized, the book deals with the life of the
novelist in the first four chapters and devotes the rest of the volume to an
evaluation of his work and situates the novelist in the realm of Hindi writing.
In doing so he has slipped inevitably into repetitions though he has
cautiously guarded himself against it. Unlike the works of his predecessors
Naravane has a remarkable precision and force of expression and has dealt with
all the different genres of Premchand's writings encompassing novels, short
stories, plays, essays, translations and the books for children. Nevertheless a
detailed exegesis on the massive corpus of all the essays that Premchand wrote
could not be possible in the present scope of the book nor does the author lay
any claim to it.
Premchand
wrote some sixteen novels big and small including their Urdu versions. Some
novels like Pratigya (Bewa) represent a substantial change from the
author's earlier style. Naravane has discussed at length the major and minor novels separately
rather than in their chronological sequence of publication. The major novels
fall in two categories. The first covers the novels that appeared between
1919-1925 namely Sevasadan, Premashram and Ragabhumi. The second
category includes the novels which appeared between 1926-1936. These novels
are Kayakalpa, Ghaban, Karmabhumi and Godan. Premchand was still
writing his last work, Mangal Sutra when he died in October 1936. Godan
is the magnum opus of Premchand. In this novel Premchand took the
genre to a height which was unprecedented then in Hindi writing. It is
unequalled in quality and stature even ... Table of Contents >> |