Celebrating PluralitySayed Areesh Ahmad HIETEROTOPIAS: NATIONALISM AND THE POSSIBILITY OF HISTORY IN SOUTH ASIA Edited by Manu Bhagwan Oxford University Press, New Delhi, 2010, pp. 203, Rs.650.00 VOLUME XXXV NUMBER 3 March 2011 The book edited by Manu Bhagwan brings together seven essays
in a series of three interrelated conversations—‘On the
Landscapes of the Margins’, ‘On the Dreamscapes of Literary Imaginings’ and ‘On the Heteroscapes of history’—united under the general scheme of what Foucault called heterotopia or the possibility of multiple spaces of experience existing simultaneously and thereby refusing to merge in the dominant and hegemonic imagination of history. The editor makes it explicit in the introduction to the volume that the book was born out of a contemporary concern, the horrific events of Gujarat in 2002. Drawing upon David Scott and Gary Wilder’s work, Manu Bhagwan explains that South Asia had its moments of departure in the late colonial period where spaces were created in the thought of Gandhi, Tagore and Jinnah which allowed the possibility of ‘alternative futures’ radically distinct from liberal nationalism and its attendant structures that have become firmly entrenched now. However, he further elaborates that alternatives that did not come to fruition at the time of their imagining nonetheless continue to exist in historical consciousness and in our crisis of postcoloniality which exists in a different ‘space of experience’, the ‘horizon of expectations’ stands significantly altered, occasioning for many to revisit these alternatives so as to construct a future imbued with different possibilities and in opposition to past narratives.
The first conversation, ‘On the Landscapes of the Margin’,includes two essays, ‘Local Nationalism or Secessionism’ by Yasmin Saikia and ‘Kashmir and Kasmiriyat’ by Chitralekha Zutshi. Saikia examines the growth and decline of the ‘Tai-Ahom’ identity in Assam in a space where the peoples of upper Assam sought to construct a distinct marker for themselves to distinguish their experience both from the homogenizing nationalism of the centre and the Assamese regional identity. In this quest, as the author explains, the proponents of ‘Tai-Ahom’ have been driven to claim historical roots in Southeast Asia, Upper Burma and Thailand. Feeling increasingly alienated in the post colonial space, drawing from the premodern chronicles of Assam called buranjis, the ‘Tai-Ahom’ have fashioned a glorious past, adorning their ancestors in the land of the luit (upper Bhramaputra Valley), stylized themselves as the descendants of the swargadeos (heavenly Kings). This construction of collective memory and the rhetoric of resistance is what Saikia calls ‘local nationalism’. Interestingly, in opposition to the pronounced ‘Aryan-Hindu’ tones of the Assamese identity, the ‘Tai-Ahom’ construction invokes Buddhist ancestry ... Table of Contents >> |